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ABSTRACT Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti is an important vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika virus. It is well known that resistance monitoring and genetic diversity data help designing the vector control programs. This study aimed to evaluate resistance to pyrethroids (PYs) through the frequency of kdr mutations Val1016IIe and F1534C, and the genetic variation of the mitochondrial gene ND4 in six natural populations of A. aegypti from Paraná - Brazil. Adults were obtained from eggs collected from Alvorada do Sul, Marilena, Maringá, Nova Londrina, Paranavaí and São Carlos do Ivaí. From these adults, 345 were used to identify the 1016 and 1534 sites, and 120 were used to perform the ND4 gene analysis. The studied populations from Paraná showed PYs resistance, low gene flow and genetic diversity. Additionally, a relationship was observed among the haplotypes of populations from the Amazon and Southeastern Brazil, Peru, Mexico, and North America.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0047

Gene Flow Patterns of the Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquito in Colombia: a Continental Comparison Suggests Multiple Invasion Routes and Gene Exchange
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Valencia-Marín, Bryan Steven

; Aguirre-Obando, Oscar Alexander

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2022, Volume 66 Nº 3 elocation e20220017

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In Colombia Aedes aegypti is present in 80% of the country up to 2,300 m; however, little is known of its genetic relations within a country context and, hence, within a broader context, for example, America. The aforementioned, herein, analyzed the gene flow within a context of the Americas, its directionality and genetic diversity of the mitochondrial lineages in the A. aegypti populations for Colombia. This called for the use of the sequences for A. aegypti available of the mitochondrial ND4 gene in the GenBank for Colombia and the American continent. No presence was found of nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (NUMTs) for Colombia. It is estimated that in Colombia the gene flow of the A. aegypti populations is occurring from the southeast and northeast toward the center of the country. In comparison with the mitochondrial sequences for America, the vector’s haplotypes in Colombia suggest connections between the populations of mosquitoes from the south with those from the north of the continent. The gene flow model at continental scale suggests bidirectional connections between the populations from the north of the continent with those from the south, while at South American scale it proposes the gene flow in all the directions with respect to the Colombian. The Colombian A. aegypti vector monitoring and control strategies must pay special attention to the vector’s points of entry into Colombia related with Peru, Venezuela, Brazil, Mexico, and North America to avoid the entry of populations with characteristics like resistance to insecticides or vector competition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2022-0017

Genetic study in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) from Londrina (Paraná State, Brazil): an approach to population structure and pyrethroid resistance
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Lopes, Thayná Bisson Ferraz

; Amaro, Tafarel Ribeiro

; Silva, Bianca Piraccini

; Zequi, João Antonio Cyrino

; Vilas-Bôas, Gislayne Trindade

; Silva, Mario Antonio Navarro da

; Vilas-Boas, Beatriz Trindade

; da Rosa, Renata

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2021, Volume 65 Nº 1 elocation e20200088

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Londrina is the fourth most populous city in southern Brazil. Its subtropical weather with rain in all seasons, as well as its high population density, make the city perfect for the Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) life cycle. Over the last few years, Londrina presented high infestation indexes and was one of the cities with the most reported cases of dengue. Uncontrolled use of synthetic insecticides may influence the mosquito’s genetic composition. In this paper, we studied mitochondrial DNA and kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti. The analysis of the ND4 gene in 330 specimens showed the presence of 27 haplotypes. The pyrethroid resistance alleles (kdr) evaluated are present in the collected populations, with a 50% frequency of the Val1016Ile and 48% of the Phe1534Cys mutations. Such analysis of the mutations in the populations collected at the State University of Londrina’s campus – a microenvironment that differs from the rest of the city – showed frequencies of 57% and 62%, respectively. The low gene flow observed, Nm = 0.11 and Nm = 0.10, along with the elevated differentiation, Fst = 0.19 and Fst = 0.18, among populations suggest an influence of genetic drift. The strong presence of resistance alleles kdr in the city is evident, which demonstrates that even with the interruption of the use of pyrethroids by the National Dengue Control Program, resistance may be maintained due to domestic use. Thus, the results have shown the need for genetic monitoring, alongside other entomological surveillance monitoring tools, to create strategies of mosquito control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0088 457 downloads

Cell damage induced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers on Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera: Chironomidae)
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Signorini-Souza, Isadora de Lourdes

; Palacio-Cortés, Angela Maria

; Beltrão-Graboski, Tiago

; Richardi, Vinicius Sobrinho

; Fávaro, Luis Fernando

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volume 64 Nº 1 elocation e201950

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Histological effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were observed in Chironomus sancticaroli larvae which underwent acute exposure. 2,2′,4-triBDE (BDE-17), 2,2′,4,4′-tetraBDE (BDE-47) and 2,2′,4,4′,5-pentaBDE (BDE-99) were evaluated at 0.5, 2.0 and 20 μg L-1. Cytoplasm vacuolisation of oenocytes was observed in the larvae exposed to BDE-17 and BDE-47. Cuénot cells were disrupted at the brush border as an effect of the three evaluated congeners highlighting BDE-47 at 2.0 μg L-1; 60% of larvae displayed this disruption. The midgut showed changes in the morphology of apex cells located next to the lumen of region I exposed to BDE-17 and BDE-47, while BDE-99 induced a narrowing of the lumen diameter. Significant cytoplasm vacuolisation of the larvae exposed to BDE-47 and BDE-99 was observed in region II of the midgut. Salivary glands showed acidophilic granules in the cytoplasm exposed to BDE-17 and BDE-47. The results showed that the tissues of C. sancticaroli were sensitive to flame retardants; these histopathologies can compromise the health and physiology of this organism, highlighting the concern with the presence of PBDEs in freshwater sediments.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2019-50 735 downloads

Resumen ejecutivo de ARIA 2019: vías integradas de atención para la rinitis alérgica en Argentina, España y México
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Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Cardona, Victoria

; Larenas Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Neffen, Hugo

; Zernotti, Mario

; Asayag, Estrella

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Gómez, R. Maximiliano

; Jares, Edgardo

; Máspero, Jorge

; Anto, Josep M.

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta-Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picado, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete-Cabañas, María Teresa

; Costa-Domínguez, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge A.

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca E. Del

; Gómez-Vera, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Agache, Ionna

; Ansotegui, Ignacio

; Bachert, Claus

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Canonica, Giorgio Walter

; Casale, Thomas B.

; Cruz, Álvaro

; Fokkens, Wytske

; Hellings, Peter

; Samolinski, Bolesław

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Dez 2019, Volume 66 Nº 4 Páginas 409 - 425

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The health and economic impact of allergic diseases are increasing rapidly, and changes in management strategies are required. Its influence reduces the capacity of work and school performance by at least a third. The ICPs of the airways (integrated care pathways for respiratory diseases) are structured multidisciplinary healthcare plans, promoting the recommendations of the guidelines in local protocols and their application to clinical practice. This document presents an executive summary for Argentina, Mexico, and Spain. Next-generation ARIA guidelines are being developed for the pharmacological treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR), using the GRADE-based guidelines for AR, tested with real-life evidence provided by mobile technology with visual analogue scales. It is concluded that in the AR treatment, H1-antihistamines are less effective than intranasal corticosteroids (INCS), in severe AR the INCS represent the first line of treatment, and intranasal combination INCS + anti-H1 is more effective than monotherapy. However, according to the MASK real-life observational study, patients have poor adherence to treatment and often self-medicate, according to their needs.

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https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i4.643 3239 downloads

MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network), a mobile App with ARIA’s comprehensive solution in Spanish-speaking countries
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Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Anto, Josep M.

; Cardona, Victoria

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta-Villalobos, Yunuen Rocío

; Neffen, Hugo

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Zernotti, Mario

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picad, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Jares, Edgardo

; Lavrut, Alberto Jorge

; Máspero, Jorge

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete-Cabañas, María Teresa

; Costa-Domínguez, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge A.

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca E. Del

; Gómez-Vera, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Murray, Ruth

; Onorato, Gabrielle

; Laune, Daniel

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Jun 2019, Volume 66 Nº 2 Páginas 263 - 268

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Although there are high quality clinical guidelines about allergic rhinitis, many patients receive deficient treatment, partly due to the high level of self-medication. MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network) is an integral part of a project against chronic diseases which it is focused on active and healthy aging and is supported by the European Union. It forms the third phase of ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) in which, through a mobile app on a smart device, the purpose is to guide patients in the control of their multimorbidity, allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, or asthma. The "Allergy Diary" app by MACVIA-ARIA is free and it is available for Android and iOS; on it, patients indicate how unpleasant the symptoms are on a daily basis through five screens with an analogous visual scale; two more screens were recently added (sleep affectation). With the app, it is also possible to download the information of the “Allergy Diary” on the physician’s computer through a QR code at the moment of the medical consultation. In this article, we review the first year of experience in Spain, Mexico and Argentina, where the Spanish version is used.

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https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i2.628 404 downloads

MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network). La solución integral de ARIA por app móvil para la multimorbilidad de rinitis alérgica y asma
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Larenas-Linnemann, Désirée

; Mullol, Joaquim

; Ivancevich, Juan Carlos

; Antó, Josep M.

; Cardona, Victoria

; Dedeu, Toni

; Rodríguez-González, Mónica

; Huerta, Yunuen

; Neffen, Hugo

; Fuentes-Pérez, José Miguel

; Rodríguez-Zagal, Eréndira

; Valero, Antonio

; Zernotti, Mario

; Bartra, Joan

; Alobid, Isam

; Castillo-Vizuete, José Antonio

; Dordal, Teresa

; Hijano, Rafael

; Picado, César

; Sastre, Joaquín

; Blua, Ariel Eduardo

; Jares, Edgardo

; Lavrut, Alberto Jorge

; Máspero, Jorge

; Bedolla-Barajas, Martín

; Burguete, María

; Costa, María del Carmen

; Domínguez-Silva, Margarita

; Espinoza-Contreras, Jesús Guillermo

; Gálvez-Romero, José Luis

; García-Cobas, Cecilia Yvonne

; García-Cruz, María de la Luz Hortensia

; Hernández-Velázquez, Luiana

; Luna-Pech, Jorge

; Matta, Juan José

; Mogica-Martínez, María Dolores

; Rivero-Yeverino, Daniela

; Ruiz-Segura, Lucy Tania

; Río-Navarro, Blanca Del

; Gómez, Javier

; Macías-Weinmann, Alejandra

; Murray, Ruth

; Onorato, Gabrielle

; Laune, Daniel

; Bedbrook, Anna

; Bousquet, Jean

Revista alergia México

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Mar 2019, Volume 66 Nº 1 Páginas 140 - 146

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The vast majority of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) do not receive the proper management which is recommended by the guidelines, but they frequently self-medicate. MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network) is an integral part of a project that is supported by the European Union against chronic diseases and focused on active and healthy aging. MASK represents the third phase of ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma), in which, by using a mobile application in a smart device, the objective is to guide the patient in the control of his/her multi-morbidity, AR and/or allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and/or asthma. The mobile app Allergy Diary by MACVIA-ARIA is free and it is available for both Android and iOS platforms. After it is downloaded to the patient’s cell phone, it first requests some information about the patient’s profile, allergic pathologies and medication; afterwards, through a visual analog scale, the patient is invited to determine the degree of affectation in the nose, eyes, and bronchi, and its influence on their productivity at work / school. After analyzing the data generated by filling the Allergy Diary, it became clear there is a new clinical entity: allergic rhinitis+ allergic conjunctivitis +asthma, with greater effect; in addition to a high level of self-medication: in general, the patient takes medication on days when symptoms are present. The app has already been deployed in 23 countries, including several Spanish-speaking countries.

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https://doi.org/10.29262/ram.v66i1.578 1081 downloads

Novel molecular evidence of population structure in Anopheles (Kerteszia) bellator from Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Voges, Kamila

; da Rosa, Marcela Possato Correa

; Westphal-Ferreira, Betina

; Navarro-Silva, Mario Antonio

; Pontes, Carime Lessa Mansur

; Pitaluga, André Nóbrega

; de Carvalho-Pinto, Carlos José

; Rona, Luísa DP

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2019, Volume 114 elocation e180598

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Anopheles bellator is a primary malaria vector in the Atlantic Forest. Partial sequences of timeless and Clock genes were used to assess the genetic differentiation of five Brazilian populations, which showed strong population structure (e.g. high F ST values and fixed differences) in all pairwise comparisons between Bahia sample and the others from Paraná, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states. Also, the resulting phylogenetic trees clearly grouped the sequences from Bahia in a different cluster with high bootstrap values. Among southern and southeastern populations low levels of genetic differentiation were found suggesting a general stability of the genetic structure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760180598 643 downloads

How much is known about the genetic diversity of the Asian tiger mosquito? A systematic review
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Aguirre-Obando, Oscar Alexander

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Salud

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Set 2017, Volume 49 Nº 3 Páginas 422 - 437

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Introducción: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) es un vector para los virus del dengue y chicunguña en la naturaleza, junto con cerca de 24 arbovirus en condiciones de laboratorio. El conocimiento de la diversidad genética de los insectos vectores es fundamental para el control eficaz y la eliminación de enfermedades transmitidas por estos. Objetivo: Aquí se determinó el escenario actual de la diversidad genética en poblaciones naturales de A. albopictus a través de una revisión sistemática. Metodología: Se pudieron establecer los primeros registros y distribución de las poblaciones de A. albopictus en el mundo, así como su diversidad genética, estructura genética poblacional y marcadores moleculares utilizados para determinar su diversidad genética. Resultados: A. albopictus se distribuye en todo el mundo con poblaciones genéticamente estructuradas y baja diversidad; Sin embargo, el 89,5% de la diversidad genética conocida se basa en el uso de RFLP, aloenzimas, isoenzimas y marcadores moleculares mitocondriales que presentan problemas significativos según la literatura. Una vez obtenidos los resultados, se realizó un análisis crítico y se detectaron deficiencias existentes. Conclusión: El conocimiento actual de la diversidad genética de A. albopictus se basa en marcadores genéticos que presentan problemas significativos reportados en la literatura; Por lo tanto, los programas de control de vectores dirigidos a las poblaciones de A. albopictus pueden verse comprometidos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) is a vector for dengue and chikungunya viruses in the field, along with around 24 additional arboviruses under laboratory conditions. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of insect vectors is critical for the effective control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. Objective: We determined the current scenario of the genetic diversity in natural populations of A. albopictus through a systematic review. Methodology: It was possible to establish the first reports and distribution of A. albopictus populations in the world, as well as its genetic diversity, population genetic structure and molecular markers used to determine its genetic diversity. Results: A. albopictus is distributed worldwide with genetically structured populations and low diversity; however, 89.5% of the genetic diversity known is based on the use of RFLP, allozymes, isozymes, and mtDNA molecular markers that exhibit significant problems according to the literature. After the results were obtained, a critical analysis was carried out and existing shortcomings were detected. Conclusion: The current knowledge of genetic diversity of A. albopictus is based on genetic markers that exhibit significant problems reported in the literature; therefore, vector control programs targeting A. albopictus populations, may be compromised.

https://doi.org/10.18273/revsal.v49n3-2017001 747 downloads

10.

Ascogregarina taiwanensis infection in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Santa Catarina, South Brazil
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Prophiro, Josiane Somariva

; Pereira, Thiago Nunes

; Oliveira, Joice Guilherme de

; Dandolini, Guilherme Werner

; Silva, Mario Antonio Navarro da

; Silva, Onilda Santos da

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Mar 2017, Volume 50 Nº 2 Páginas 235 - 238

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION This study registers Ascogregarina spp. infection in field populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in a subtropical region of Brazil. METHODS Mosquito larvae collected in tires placed in four municipalities of Santa Catarina were identified morphologically and assessed for Ascogregarina sp. infection using morphological and molecular methods. RESULTS Both mosquito species harbored Ascogregarina taiwanensis, whose genomic DNA was confirmed in both the Aedes species by PCR. DNA sequences were deposited in GenBank. Conclusion: Both Ae. albopictus e Ae. aegypti harbor Ascogregarina sp.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0048-2016 1338 downloads

11.

Near-infrared spectroscopy and microstructure of the scales of Sabethes ( Sabethes ) albiprivus (Diptera: Culicidae)
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Westphal-Ferreira, Betina

; Navarro-Silva, Mario Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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Jan 2017, Volume 61 Nº 1 Páginas 91 - 98

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Near-infrared spectroscopy and microstructure of the scales of Sabethes (Sabethes) albiprivus (Diptera: Culicidae). Sabethes (Sabethes) albiprivus Theobald individuals vary considerably in size and color of the reflections of the scales on their thorax, abdomen, antepronotal lobes and occiput. The goal of this study was to investigate and to characterize the differences in the color of the scales among preserved specimens and to analyze the differences in the microstructures of the scales that cover their bodies using near-infrared spectroscopy, and to evaluate whether the latter is efficient in distinguishing the populations. A total of 201 adult females were analyzed for the characterization of color patterns. In addition, absorbance spectra and scanning electron microscope images were obtained from them. As a result of color analysis, two variations were identified, one represented by specimens with yellow or green scales and the other with blue or purple scales. The same two variations were corroborated using NIRS. Analysis of the microstructure of the scales lining the mesonotum, occiput and antepronotal lobes resulted in the same variations. The three methodologies, near-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and coloration of the reflections of the scales revealed two variations within Sa. albiprivus.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2016.11.001 1047 downloads

12.

Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in Aedes aegypti populations from Jacarezinho (Brazil) after a Dengue Outbreak
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Aguirre-Obando, Oscar Alexander

; Pietrobon, Anna Julia

; Bona, Ana Caroline Dalla

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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Mar 2016, Volume 60 Nº 1 Páginas 94 - 100

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT After a dengue outbreak, the knowledge on the extent, distribution and mechanisms of insecticide resistance is essential for successful insecticide-based dengue control interventions. Therefore, we evaluated the potential changes to insecticide resistance in natural Aedes aegypti populations to Organophosphates (OP) and Pyrethroids (PY) after chemical vector control interventions. After a Dengue outbreak in 2010, A. aegypti mosquitoes from the urban area of Jacarezinho (Paraná, Brazil) were collected in 2011 and 2012. Insecticide resistance to OP Temephos was assessed in 2011 and 2012 by dose–response bioassays adopting WHO-based protocols. Additionally, in both sampling, PY resistance was also investigated by the Val1016Ile mutation genotyping. In 2011, a random collection of mosquitoes was carried out; while in 2012, the urban area was divided into four regions where mosquitoes were sampled randomly. Bioassays conducted with larvae in 2011 (82 ± 10%; RR95 = 3.6) and 2012 (95 ± 3%; RR95 = 2.5) indicated an incipient altered susceptibility to Temephos. On the other hand, the Val1016IIe mutation analysis in 2011, presented frequencies of the 1016Ilekdr allele equal to 80%. Nevertheless, in 2012, when the urban area of Jacarezinho was analyzed as a single unit, the frequency of the mutant allele was 70%. Additionally, the distribution analysis of the Val1016Ile mutation in 2012 showed the mutant allele frequencies ≥60% in all regions. These outcomes indicated the necessity of developing alternative strategies such as insecticide rotations for delaying the evolution of resistance.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.11.009 2320 downloads

13.

Morpho-histological characterization of immature of the bioindicator midge Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino and Strixino (Diptera, Chironomidae)
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Richardi, Vinicius Sobrinho

; Vicentini, Maiara

; Rebechi, Débora

; Fávaro, Luis Fernando

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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Set 2015, Volume 59 Nº 3 Páginas 240 - 250

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACTChironomidae immature are used as bioindicators of sediment quality in aquatic ecosystems and ecotoxicological assays. Histological descriptions for this family are outdated and limited and there are no studies with Neotropical species. The aim of this study was to describe the tissue architecture of several organs of the larva of Chironomus sancticaroli. For the description of the histological pattern, the larvae were fixed in Duboscq solution for insects at 56 °C, followed by routine histologic processing, infiltration in paraffin, and the sections were stained with Hematoxylin–Eosin. After examining the slides, the tube digestive, salivary gland, excretory, nervous, endocrine, circulatory, and integumentary systems and fat body were histologically characterized. The histology allows evaluation of cell morphology, and for being not expensive and easily accessible can be routinely used in biomonitoring. In addition, is a useful tool in ecotoxicological assays and allow to evaluate biomarkers at tissue and cell levels.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.07.003 5924 downloads

14.

Evaluation of arboviruses of public health interest in free-living non-human primates (Alouatta spp., Callithrix spp., Sapajus spp.) in Brazil
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Rocha, Tatiana Carneiro da

; Batista, Paulo Mira

; Andreotti, Renato

; Bona, Ana Caroline Dalla

; Silva, Mário Antônio Navarro da

; Lange, Rogério

; Svoboda, Walfrido Kühl

; Gomes, Eliane Carneiro

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Abr 2015, Volume 48 Nº 2 Páginas 143 - 148

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of arboviruses from the Flavivirus genus in asymptomatic free-living non-human primates (NHPs) living in close contact with humans and vectors in the States of Paraná and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. METHODS: NHP sera samples (total n = 80, Alouatta spp. n = 07, Callithrix spp. n = 29 and Sapajus spp. n = 44) were screened for the presence of viral genomes using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and 10% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis techniques. RESULTS: All of the samples were negative for the Flavivirus genome following the 10% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These negative results indicate that the analyzed animals were not infected with arboviruses from the Flavivirus genus and did not represent a risk for viral transmission through vectors during the period in which the samples were collected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0024-2015 2181 downloads

15.

Genotoxic effect of Phenanthrene on Chironomus sancticaroli (Diptera: Chironomidae)
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Morais, Gisele dos Santos

; Pesenti, Emanuele Cristina

; Cestari, Marta Margarete

; Navarro-Silva, Mário Antônio

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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Ago 2014, Volume 31 Nº 4 Páginas 323 - 328

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Phenanthrene, a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon, remains adsorbed to sedimentary particles in aquatic environments. It affects mainly benthic organisms, and is considered potentially genotoxic. In ecotoxicology, species of Chironomus Meigen, 1803 are widely known as bioindicators of the effects of chemicals on aquatic organisms. This study investigates the effects of phenanthrene on the size of the head capsule of Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino & Strixino, 1981 larvae after chronic (eight days) exposure, and DNA damage after acute (96 hours) and chronic exposure (eight days), under laboratory conditions. DNA damage, evaluated using the alkaline comet assay, detected effects for both exposure periods, indicating that phenanthrene is toxic for C. sancticaroli. For the acute exposure, we analyzed five concentrations of phenanthrene, between 0.16 mg.l-1 and 1.60 mg.l-1, detecting significant differences (Kruskall-Wallis test with p < 0.05) in the degree of DNA damage in all groups. These effects were not dose-dependent. For the chronic exposure, two concentrations (0.16 mg.l-1, 0.83 mg.l-1) were analyzed, and DNA damage was observed in both. Again, the effects were not dose-dependent. This indicates that phenanthrene is genotoxic to larvae of C. sancticaroli even at low concentrations. The size of the head capsule was evaluated after chronic exposure to concentrations of 0.16 mg.l-1 and 0.83 mg.l-1. Significant differences (ANOVA test with p < 0.05) were detected in the two concentrations, and a reduction in the size of the larval head capsule was observed. This suggests that phenanthrene causes delay in larval development. These results indicate that phenanthrene affects the development of and causes DNA damage in C. sancticaroli larvae. Therefore, we suggest that C. sancticaroli can be used as a biological indicator for environmental contamination with phenanthrene.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702014000400003 2055 downloads

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